Extensions of Variational Methods, I

Extensions of ELECTRE-I and TOPSIS methods for group decision-making under complex Pythagorean fuzzy environment

Multi-criteria group decision-making is a process in which decision makers assess the performance of alternatives on the basis of conflicting criteria to opt the most worthy alternative as solution. TOPSIS and ELECTRE are effective and commonly used methods to solve multiple criteria decision-making problems. The aim of this study is to propose two new models, namely, complex Pythagorean fuzzy ...

Monotone Multigrid Methods for Elliptic Variational Inequalities I 1

We derive fast solvers for discrete elliptic variational inequalities of the rst kind (obstacle problems) as resulting from the approximation of related continuous problems by piecewise linear nite elements. Using basic ideas of successive subspace correction, we modify well{known relaxation methods by extending the set of search directions. Extended under-relaxations are called monotone multig...

Monotone Multigrid Methods for Elliptic Variational Inequalities I

We derive fast solvers for discrete elliptic variational inequalities of the rst kind (obstacle problems) as resulting from the approximation of related continuous problems by piecewise linear nite elements. Using basic ideas of successive subspace correction, we modify well-known relaxation methods by extending the set of search directions. Extended underrelaxations are called monotone multigr...

A Survey of Direct Methods for Solving Variational Problems

This study presents a comparative survey of direct methods for solving Variational Problems. Thisproblems can be used to solve various differential equations in physics and chemistry like RateEquation for a chemical reaction. There are procedures that any type of a differential equation isconvertible to a variational problem. Therefore finding the solution of a differential equation isequivalen...

Variational Formulation of Problems and Variational Methods